[ADD] gitignore change

.gitignore

@@ -428,4 +428,6 @@ FodyWeavers.xsd
 **/docs/*
 **/doc/*
 
+**/pose_iter_160000.caffemodel
+
 # End of https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/c++,visualstudio,visualstudiocode,opencv

src/computervision/BackgroundRemover.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include "BackgroundRemover.h"
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+	BackgroundRemover::BackgroundRemover(void) {
+		background;
+		calibrated = false;
+	}
+
+	void BackgroundRemover::calibrate(Mat input) {
+		cvtColor(input, background, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		calibrated = true;
+	}
+
+	Mat BackgroundRemover::getForeground(Mat input) {
+		Mat foregroundMask = getForegroundMask(input);
+
+		//imshow("foregroundMask", foregroundMask);
+
+		Mat foreground;
+		input.copyTo(foreground, foregroundMask);
+
+		return foreground;
+	}
+
+	Mat BackgroundRemover::getForegroundMask(Mat input) {
+		Mat foregroundMask;
+
+		if (!calibrated) {
+			foregroundMask = Mat::zeros(input.size(), CV_8UC1);
+			return foregroundMask;
+		}
+
+		cvtColor(input, foregroundMask, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+
+		removeBackground(foregroundMask, background);
+
+		return foregroundMask;
+	}
+
+	void BackgroundRemover::removeBackground(Mat input, Mat background) {
+		int thresholdOffset = 25;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < input.rows; i++) {
+			for (int j = 0; j < input.cols; j++) {
+				uchar framePixel = input.at<uchar>(i, j);
+				uchar bgPixel = background.at<uchar>(i, j);
+
+				if (framePixel >= bgPixel - thresholdOffset && framePixel <= bgPixel + thresholdOffset)
+					input.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;
+				else
+					input.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

src/computervision/BackgroundRemover.h

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#pragma once
+#include"opencv2\opencv.hpp"
+#include <opencv2/imgproc\types_c.h>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+using namespace cv;
+using namespace std;
+
+	class BackgroundRemover {
+	public:
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief constructor, 
+		 * create background variable and set calibrated to faslse
+		 * 
+		 */
+		BackgroundRemover(void);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief sets the input image to a grayscale image
+		 * sets calibrated to true
+		 * 
+		 * @param input input the image that has to be calibrated
+		 */
+		void calibrate(Mat input);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Gets the mask of the foregorund of the input image
+		 * and copies it to another image
+		 * 
+		 * @param input The image from which the forground needs to be picked
+		 * @return The image on which te foregroundmask is copied
+		 */
+		Mat getForeground(Mat input);
+
+	private:
+		Mat background;
+		bool calibrated = false;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Sets the image to grayscale and removes the background
+		 * 
+		 * @param input The image from which the forground needs to be picked
+		 * @return The mask of the foreground of the image 
+		 */
+		Mat getForegroundMask(Mat input);
+		/**
+		 * @brief makes everything on the background black
+		 * 
+		 * @param input the image from which the background needs to be removed
+		 * @param background the background of the image
+		 */
+		void removeBackground(Mat input, Mat background);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/FaceDetector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include "FaceDetector.h"
+
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+	Rect getFaceRect(Mat input);
+
+	String faceClassifierFileName = "res/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml";
+	CascadeClassifier faceCascadeClassifier;
+
+	FaceDetector::FaceDetector(void) {
+		if (!faceCascadeClassifier.load(faceClassifierFileName))
+			throw runtime_error("can't load file " + faceClassifierFileName);
+	}
+
+	void FaceDetector::removeFaces(Mat input, Mat output) {
+		vector<Rect> faces;
+		Mat frameGray;
+
+		cvtColor(input, frameGray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		equalizeHist(frameGray, frameGray);
+
+		faceCascadeClassifier.detectMultiScale(frameGray, faces, 1.1, 2, 0 | 2, Size(120, 120)); // HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE is 2
+
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < faces.size(); i++) {
+			rectangle(
+				output,
+				Point(faces[i].x, faces[i].y),
+				Point(faces[i].x + faces[i].width, faces[i].y + faces[i].height),
+				Scalar(0, 0, 0),
+				-1
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	Rect getFaceRect(Mat input) {
+		vector<Rect> faceRectangles;
+		Mat inputGray;
+
+		cvtColor(input, inputGray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		equalizeHist(inputGray, inputGray);
+
+		faceCascadeClassifier.detectMultiScale(inputGray, faceRectangles, 1.1, 2, 0 | 2, Size(120, 120)); // HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE is 2
+
+		if (faceRectangles.size() > 0)
+			return faceRectangles[0];
+		else
+			return Rect(0, 0, 1, 1);
+	}
+}

src/computervision/FaceDetector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+using namespace cv;
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	class FaceDetector {
+	public:
+		/**
+		 * @brief Constructor for the class FaceDetector, loads training data from a file
+		 * 
+		 */
+		FaceDetector(void);
+		/**
+		 * @brief Detects faces on an image and blocks them with a black rectangle
+		 * 
+		 * @param input Input image
+		 * @param output Output image
+		 */
+		void removeFaces(Mat input, Mat output);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/FingerCount.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+#include "FingerCount.h"
+
+#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
+#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
+
+/*
+ Author: Nicol<6F> Castellazzi https://github.com/nicast
+*/
+
+#define LIMIT_ANGLE_SUP 60
+#define LIMIT_ANGLE_INF 5
+#define BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING 0.3
+#define BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING 0.05
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	FingerCount::FingerCount(void) {
+		color_blue = Scalar(255, 0, 0);
+		color_green = Scalar(0, 255, 0);
+		color_red = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
+		color_black = Scalar(0, 0, 0);
+		color_white = Scalar(255, 255, 255);
+		color_yellow = Scalar(0, 255, 255);
+		color_purple = Scalar(255, 0, 255);
+	}
+
+	Mat FingerCount::findFingersCount(Mat input_image, Mat frame) {
+		Mat contours_image = Mat::zeros(input_image.size(), CV_8UC3);
+
+		// check if the source image is good
+		if (input_image.empty())
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// we work only on the 1 channel result, since this function is called inside a loop we are not sure that this is always the case
+		if (input_image.channels() != 1)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		vector<vector<Point>> contours;
+		vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
+
+		findContours(input_image, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);
+
+		// we need at least one contour to work
+		if (contours.size() <= 0)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// find the biggest contour (let's suppose it's our hand)
+		int biggest_contour_index = -1;
+		double biggest_area = 0.0;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
+			double area = contourArea(contours[i], false);
+			if (area > biggest_area) {
+				biggest_area = area;
+				biggest_contour_index = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (biggest_contour_index < 0)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// find the convex hull object for each contour and the defects, two different data structure are needed by the OpenCV api
+		vector<Point> hull_points;
+		vector<int> hull_ints;
+
+		// for drawing the convex hull and for finding the bounding rectangle
+		convexHull(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_points, true);
+
+		// for finding the defects
+		convexHull(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_ints, false);
+
+		// we need at least 3 points to find the defects
+		vector<Vec4i> defects;
+		if (hull_ints.size() > 3)
+			convexityDefects(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_ints, defects);
+		else
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// we bound the convex hull
+		Rect bounding_rectangle = boundingRect(Mat(hull_points));
+
+		// we find the center of the bounding rectangle, this should approximately also be the center of the hand
+		Point center_bounding_rect(
+			(bounding_rectangle.tl().x + bounding_rectangle.br().x) / 2,
+			(bounding_rectangle.tl().y + bounding_rectangle.br().y) / 2
+		);
+
+		// we separate the defects keeping only the ones of intrest
+		vector<Point> start_points;
+		vector<Point> far_points;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < defects.size(); i++) {
+			start_points.push_back(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[0]]);
+
+			// filtering the far point based on the distance from the center of the bounding rectangle
+			if (findPointsDistance(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[2]], center_bounding_rect) < bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING)
+				far_points.push_back(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[2]]);
+		}
+
+		// we compact them on their medians
+		vector<Point> filtered_start_points = compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(start_points, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING);
+		vector<Point> filtered_far_points = compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(far_points, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING);
+
+		// now we try to find the fingers
+		vector<Point> filtered_finger_points;
+
+		if (filtered_far_points.size() > 1) {
+			vector<Point> finger_points;
+
+			for (int i = 0; i < filtered_start_points.size(); i++) {
+				vector<Point> closest_points = findClosestOnX(filtered_far_points, filtered_start_points[i]);
+
+				if (isFinger(closest_points[0], filtered_start_points[i], closest_points[1], LIMIT_ANGLE_INF, LIMIT_ANGLE_SUP, center_bounding_rect, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING))
+					finger_points.push_back(filtered_start_points[i]);
+			}
+
+			if (finger_points.size() > 0) {
+
+				// we have at most five fingers usually :)
+				while (finger_points.size() > 5)
+					finger_points.pop_back();
+
+				// filter out the points too close to each other
+				for (int i = 0; i < finger_points.size() - 1; i++) {
+					if (findPointsDistanceOnX(finger_points[i], finger_points[i + 1]) > bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING * 1.5)
+						filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[i]);
+				}
+
+				if (finger_points.size() > 2) {
+					if (findPointsDistanceOnX(finger_points[0], finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]) > bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING * 1.5)
+						filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]);
+				}
+				else
+					filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		// we draw what found on the returned image 
+		drawContours(contours_image, contours, biggest_contour_index, color_green, 2, 8, hierarchy);
+		polylines(contours_image, hull_points, true, color_blue);
+		rectangle(contours_image, bounding_rectangle.tl(), bounding_rectangle.br(), color_red, 2, 8, 0);
+		circle(contours_image, center_bounding_rect, 5, color_purple, 2, 8);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_start_points, color_blue, true);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_far_points, color_red, true);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_finger_points, color_yellow, false);
+		putText(contours_image, to_string(filtered_finger_points.size()), center_bounding_rect, FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color_purple);
+
+		// and on the starting frame
+		drawContours(frame, contours, biggest_contour_index, color_green, 2, 8, hierarchy);
+		circle(frame, center_bounding_rect, 5, color_purple, 2, 8);
+		drawVectorPoints(frame, filtered_finger_points, color_yellow, false);
+		putText(frame, to_string(filtered_finger_points.size()), center_bounding_rect, FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color_purple);
+
+		amount_of_fingers = filtered_finger_points.size();
+
+		return contours_image;
+	}
+
+	int FingerCount::getAmountOfFingers()
+	{
+		return amount_of_fingers;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findPointsDistance(Point a, Point b) {
+		Point difference = a - b;
+		return sqrt(difference.ddot(difference));
+	}
+
+	vector<Point> FingerCount::compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(vector<Point> points, double max_neighbor_distance) {
+		vector<Point> median_points;
+
+		if (points.size() == 0)
+			return median_points;
+
+		if (max_neighbor_distance <= 0)
+			return median_points;
+
+		// we start with the first point
+		Point reference = points[0];
+		Point median = points[0];
+
+		for (int i = 1; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			if (findPointsDistance(reference, points[i]) > max_neighbor_distance) {
+
+				// the point is not in range, we save the median
+				median_points.push_back(median);
+
+				// we swap the reference
+				reference = points[i];
+				median = points[i];
+			}
+			else
+				median = (points[i] + median) / 2;
+		}
+
+		// last median
+		median_points.push_back(median);
+
+		return median_points;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findAngle(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
+		double ab = findPointsDistance(a, b);
+		double bc = findPointsDistance(b, c);
+		double ac = findPointsDistance(a, c);
+		return acos((ab * ab + bc * bc - ac * ac) / (2 * ab * bc)) * 180 / CV_PI;
+	}
+
+	bool FingerCount::isFinger(Point a, Point b, Point c, double limit_angle_inf, double limit_angle_sup, Point palm_center, double min_distance_from_palm) {
+		double angle = findAngle(a, b, c);
+		if (angle > limit_angle_sup || angle < limit_angle_inf)
+			return false;
+
+		// the finger point sohould not be under the two far points
+		int delta_y_1 = b.y - a.y;
+		int delta_y_2 = b.y - c.y;
+		if (delta_y_1 > 0 && delta_y_2 > 0)
+			return false;
+
+		// the two far points should not be both under the center of the hand
+		int delta_y_3 = palm_center.y - a.y;
+		int delta_y_4 = palm_center.y - c.y;
+		if (delta_y_3 < 0 && delta_y_4 < 0)
+			return false;
+
+		double distance_from_palm = findPointsDistance(b, palm_center);
+		if (distance_from_palm < min_distance_from_palm)
+			return false;
+
+		// this should be the case when no fingers are up
+		double distance_from_palm_far_1 = findPointsDistance(a, palm_center);
+		double distance_from_palm_far_2 = findPointsDistance(c, palm_center);
+		if (distance_from_palm_far_1 < min_distance_from_palm / 4 || distance_from_palm_far_2 < min_distance_from_palm / 4)
+			return false;
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	vector<Point> FingerCount::findClosestOnX(vector<Point> points, Point pivot) {
+		vector<Point> to_return(2);
+
+		if (points.size() == 0)
+			return to_return;
+
+		double distance_x_1 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_1 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_x_2 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_2 = DBL_MAX;
+		int index_found = 0;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			double distance_x = findPointsDistanceOnX(pivot, points[i]);
+			double distance = findPointsDistance(pivot, points[i]);
+
+			if (distance_x < distance_x_1 && distance_x != 0 && distance <= distance_1) {
+				distance_x_1 = distance_x;
+				distance_1 = distance;
+				index_found = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		to_return[0] = points[index_found];
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			double distance_x = findPointsDistanceOnX(pivot, points[i]);
+			double distance = findPointsDistance(pivot, points[i]);
+
+			if (distance_x < distance_x_2 && distance_x != 0 && distance <= distance_2 && distance_x != distance_x_1) {
+				distance_x_2 = distance_x;
+				distance_2 = distance;
+				index_found = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		to_return[1] = points[index_found];
+
+		return to_return;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findPointsDistanceOnX(Point a, Point b) {
+		double to_return = 0.0;
+
+		if (a.x > b.x)
+			to_return = a.x - b.x;
+		else
+			to_return = b.x - a.x;
+
+		return to_return;
+	}
+
+	void FingerCount::drawVectorPoints(Mat image, vector<Point> points, Scalar color, bool with_numbers) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			circle(image, points[i], 5, color, 2, 8);
+			if (with_numbers)
+				putText(image, to_string(i), points[i], FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color);
+		}
+	}
+}

src/computervision/FingerCount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+
+/*
+ Author: Nicol<6F> Castellazzi https://github.com/nicast
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	using namespace cv;
+	using namespace std;
+
+	class FingerCount {
+	public:
+		FingerCount(void);
+		/**
+		 * @brief gets the amount of fingers that are held up.
+		 * 
+		 * @param input_image the source image to find the fingers on. It should be a mask of a hand
+		 * @param frame the frame to draw the resulting values on (how many fingers are held up etc)
+		 * @return a new image with all the data drawn on it.
+		 */
+		Mat findFingersCount(Mat input_image, Mat frame);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief gets the currently held-up finger count.
+		 * 
+		 * @return the currently held-up finger count
+		 */
+		int getAmountOfFingers();
+
+	private:
+		// colors to use
+		Scalar color_blue;
+		Scalar color_green;
+		Scalar color_red;
+		Scalar color_black;
+		Scalar color_white;
+		Scalar color_yellow;
+		Scalar color_purple;
+
+		int amount_of_fingers;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the distance between 2 points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @return a double representing the distance
+		 */
+		double findPointsDistance(Point a, Point b);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief compacts the given points on their medians. 
+		 * what it does is for each point, it checks if the distance to it's neighbour is greater than the 
+		 * max distance. If so, it just adds it to the list that is returned. If not, it calculates the 
+		 * median and adds it to the returned list
+		 * 
+		 * @param points the points to compact
+		 * @param max_neighbor_distance the maximum distance between points
+		 * @return a vector with the points now compacted.
+		 */
+		vector<Point> compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(vector<Point> points, double max_neighbor_distance);
+		
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the angle between 3 different points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @param c the third point
+		 * @return the angle between the 3 points
+		 */
+		double findAngle(Point a, Point b, Point c);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief checks if the given points make up a finger.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point to check for
+		 * @param b the second point to check for
+		 * @param c the third point to check for
+		 * @param limit_angle_inf the limit of the angle between 2 fingers
+		 * @param limit_angle_sup the limit of the angle between a finger and a convex point
+		 * @param palm_center the center of the palm
+		 * @param distance_from_palm_tollerance the distance from the palm tolerance
+		 * @return true if the points are a finger, false if not.
+		 */
+		bool isFinger(Point a, Point b, Point c, double limit_angle_inf, double limit_angle_sup, cv::Point palm_center, double distance_from_palm_tollerance);
+		
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the closest point to the given point that is in the given list.
+		 * 
+		 * @param points the points to check for
+		 * @param pivot the pivot to check against
+		 * @return a vector containing the point that is closest
+		 */
+		vector<Point> findClosestOnX(vector<Point> points, Point pivot);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the distance between the x coords of the points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @return the distance between the x values
+		 */
+		double findPointsDistanceOnX(Point a, Point b);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief draws the points on the image.
+		 * 
+		 * @param image the image to draw on
+		 * @param points the points to draw
+		 * @param color the color to draw them with
+		 * @param with_numbers if the numbers should be drawn with the points
+		 */
+		void drawVectorPoints(Mat image, vector<Point> points, Scalar color, bool with_numbers);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/MenuTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include "MenuTest.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace computervision 
+{
+	int menu_item_array[4] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
+	float item_number = 0;
+
+	MenuTest::MenuTest(void) {
+		
+	}
+
+	int MenuTest::GetMenuItem(bool hand_state) {
+		item_number += 0.20f;
+
+		
+		int temp_item_number = item_number;
+		//If temp_item_number is equal to the size of the array, set item_number bac to zero to loop through the array again
+		if (temp_item_number == sizeof(menu_item_array) / sizeof(menu_item_array[0])) {
+			item_number = 0;
+		}
+
+		return menu_item_array[temp_item_number];
+	}
+}

src/computervision/MenuTest.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	class MenuTest {
+	public:
+		/**
+		 * @brief Constructor for the class MenuTest, loads in array with menu items
+		 *
+		 */
+		MenuTest(void);
+		/**
+		 * @brief Returns the itemnumber in an array 
+		 * 
+		 * @param input_bool is either true or false, depending on the recognized hand gesture
+		 */
+		int GetMenuItem(bool input_bool);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/ObjectDetection.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/video.hpp>
+
+#include "ObjectDetection.h"
+#include "BackgroundRemover.h"
+#include "SkinDetector.h"
+#include "FaceDetector.h"
+#include "FingerCount.h"
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	cv::VideoCapture cap(0);
+
+	cv::Mat img, imgGray, img2, img2Gray, img3, img4;
+
+	int handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight;
+	bool handMaskGenerated = false;
+
+	Mat frame, frameOut, handMask, foreground, fingerCountDebug;
+	BackgroundRemover backgroundRemover;
+	SkinDetector skinDetector;
+	FaceDetector faceDetector;
+	FingerCount fingerCount;
+
+	ObjectDetection::ObjectDetection()
+	{
+	}
+
+	cv::Mat ObjectDetection::readCamera() {
+		cap.read(img);
+		return img;
+	}
+
+	bool ObjectDetection::detectHand(Mat cameraFrame)
+	{
+		Mat inputFrame = generateHandMaskSquare(cameraFrame);
+		frameOut = inputFrame.clone();
+
+		// detect skin color
+		skinDetector.drawSkinColorSampler(frameOut);
+
+		// remove background from image
+		foreground = backgroundRemover.getForeground(inputFrame);
+
+		// detect the hand contours
+		handMask = skinDetector.getSkinMask(foreground);
+
+		// count the amount of fingers and put the info on the matrix
+		fingerCountDebug = fingerCount.findFingersCount(handMask, frameOut);
+
+		// get the amount of fingers
+		int fingers_amount = fingerCount.getAmountOfFingers();
+
+		// draw the hand rectangle on the camera input, and draw text showing if the hand is open or closed.
+		drawHandMaskRect(&cameraFrame);
+		string hand_text = fingers_amount > 0 ? "open" : "closed";
+		putText(cameraFrame,hand_text, Point(10, 75), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 2.0, Scalar(255, 0, 255),3);
+		imshow("camera", cameraFrame);
+
+		imshow("output", frameOut);
+		imshow("foreground", foreground);
+		imshow("handMask", handMask);
+		imshow("handDetection", fingerCountDebug);
+
+		int key = waitKey(1);
+
+		if (key == 98) // b, calibrate the background
+			backgroundRemover.calibrate(inputFrame);
+		else if (key == 115) // s, calibrate the skin color
+			skinDetector.calibrate(inputFrame);
+
+		return fingers_amount > 0;
+	}
+
+	void ObjectDetection::calculateDifference()
+	{
+		cap.read(img);
+		cap.read(img2);
+
+		cv::cvtColor(img, imgGray, cv::COLOR_RGBA2GRAY);
+		cv::cvtColor(img2, img2Gray, cv::COLOR_RGBA2GRAY);
+
+		cv::absdiff(imgGray, img2Gray, img3);
+		cv::threshold(img3, img4, 50, 170, cv::THRESH_BINARY);
+
+		imshow("threshold", img4);
+	}
+
+
+	cv::Mat ObjectDetection::generateHandMaskSquare(cv::Mat img)
+	{
+		handMaskStartXPos = 20;
+		handMaskStartYPos = img.rows / 5;
+		handMaskWidth = img.cols / 3;
+		handMaskHeight = img.cols / 3;
+
+
+		cv::Mat mask = cv::Mat::zeros(img.size(), img.type());
+		cv::Mat dstImg = cv::Mat::zeros(img.size(), img.type());
+
+		cv::rectangle(mask, Rect(handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight), Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);
+
+		img.copyTo(dstImg, mask);
+
+		handMaskGenerated = true;
+		return dstImg;
+
+	}
+
+	bool ObjectDetection::drawHandMaskRect(cv::Mat* input)
+	{
+		if (!handMaskGenerated) return false;
+		rectangle(*input, Rect(handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight), Scalar(255, 255, 255));
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	void ObjectDetection::showWebcam()
+	{
+		imshow("Webcam image", img);
+	}
+
+
+}

src/computervision/ObjectDetection.h

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	class ObjectDetection
+	{
+	private:
+
+	public:
+		/**
+		 * @brief default constructor of ObjectDetection
+		 * 
+		 */
+		ObjectDetection();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Displays an image of the current webcam-footage
+		 * 
+		 */
+		void showWebcam();
+		/**
+		 * @brief Calculates the difference between two images
+		 *  and outputs an image that only shows the difference
+		 * 
+		 */
+		void calculateDifference();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief generates the square that will hold the mask in which the hand will be detected.
+		 * 
+		 * @param img the current camear frame
+		 * @return a matrix containing the mask
+		 */
+		cv::Mat generateHandMaskSquare(cv::Mat img);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief reads the camera and returns it in a matrix.
+		 * 
+		 * @return the camera frame in a matrix
+		 */
+		cv::Mat readCamera();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief detects a hand based on the given hand mask input frame.
+		 * 
+		 * @param inputFrame the input frame from the camera
+		 * @return true if hand is open, false if hand is closed
+		 */
+		bool detectHand(cv::Mat cameraFrame);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief draws the hand mask rectangle on the given input matrix.
+		 * 
+		 * @param input the input matrix to draw the rectangle on
+		 */
+		bool drawHandMaskRect(cv::Mat *input);
+
+	};
+
+
+}
+

src/computervision/SkinDetector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#include "SkinDetector.h"
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	SkinDetector::SkinDetector(void) {
+		hLowThreshold = 0;
+		hHighThreshold = 0;
+		sLowThreshold = 0;
+		sHighThreshold = 0;
+		vLowThreshold = 0;
+		vHighThreshold = 0;
+
+		calibrated = false;
+
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle1, skinColorSamplerRectangle2;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::drawSkinColorSampler(Mat input) {
+		int frameWidth = input.size().width, frameHeight = input.size().height;
+
+		int rectangleSize = 25;
+		Scalar rectangleColor = Scalar(255, 0, 255);
+
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle1 = Rect(frameWidth / 5, frameHeight / 2, rectangleSize, rectangleSize);
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle2 = Rect(frameWidth / 5, frameHeight / 3, rectangleSize, rectangleSize);
+
+		rectangle(
+			input,
+			skinColorSamplerRectangle1,
+			rectangleColor
+		);
+
+		rectangle(
+			input,
+			skinColorSamplerRectangle2,
+			rectangleColor
+		);
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::calibrate(Mat input) {
+
+		Mat hsvInput;
+		cvtColor(input, hsvInput, CV_BGR2HSV);
+
+		Mat sample1 = Mat(hsvInput, skinColorSamplerRectangle1);
+		Mat sample2 = Mat(hsvInput, skinColorSamplerRectangle2);
+
+		calculateThresholds(sample1, sample2);
+
+		calibrated = true;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::calculateThresholds(Mat sample1, Mat sample2) {
+		int offsetLowThreshold = 80;
+		int offsetHighThreshold = 30;
+
+		Scalar hsvMeansSample1 = mean(sample1);
+		Scalar hsvMeansSample2 = mean(sample2);
+
+		hLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[0], hsvMeansSample2[0]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		hHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[0], hsvMeansSample2[0]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+
+		sLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[1], hsvMeansSample2[1]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		sHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[1], hsvMeansSample2[1]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+
+		// the V channel shouldn't be used. By ignorint it, shadows on the hand wouldn't interfire with segmentation.
+		// Unfortunately there's a bug somewhere and not using the V channel causes some problem. This shouldn't be too hard to fix.
+		vLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[2], hsvMeansSample2[2]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		vHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[2], hsvMeansSample2[2]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+		//vLowThreshold = 0;
+		//vHighThreshold = 255;
+	}
+
+	Mat SkinDetector::getSkinMask(Mat input) {
+		Mat skinMask;
+
+		if (!calibrated) {
+			skinMask = Mat::zeros(input.size(), CV_8UC1);
+			return skinMask;
+		}
+
+		Mat hsvInput;
+		cvtColor(input, hsvInput, CV_BGR2HSV);
+
+		inRange(
+			hsvInput,
+			Scalar(hLowThreshold, sLowThreshold, vLowThreshold),
+			Scalar(hHighThreshold, sHighThreshold, vHighThreshold),
+			skinMask);
+
+		performOpening(skinMask, MORPH_ELLIPSE, { 3, 3 });
+		dilate(skinMask, skinMask, Mat(), Point(-1, -1), 3);
+
+		return skinMask;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::performOpening(Mat binaryImage, int kernelShape, Point kernelSize) {
+		Mat structuringElement = getStructuringElement(kernelShape, kernelSize);
+		morphologyEx(binaryImage, binaryImage, MORPH_OPEN, structuringElement);
+	}
+}

src/computervision/SkinDetector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <opencv2\core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	using namespace cv;
+	using namespace std;
+
+	class SkinDetector {
+	public:
+		SkinDetector(void);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief draws the positions in where the skin color will be sampled.
+		* 
+		* @param input the input matrix to sample the skin color from
+		*/
+		void drawSkinColorSampler(Mat input);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief calibrates the skin color detector with the given input frame
+		* 
+		* @param input the input frame to calibrate from
+		*/
+		void calibrate(Mat input);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief gets the mask for the hand
+		* 
+		* @param input the input matrix to get the skin mask from
+		* @returns the skin mask in a new matrix
+		*/
+		Mat getSkinMask(Mat input);
+
+	private:
+
+		// thresholds for hsv calculation
+		int hLowThreshold = 0;
+		int hHighThreshold = 0;
+		int sLowThreshold = 0;
+		int sHighThreshold = 0;
+		int vLowThreshold = 0;
+		int vHighThreshold = 0;
+
+		// wether or not the skindetector has calibrated yet.
+		bool calibrated = false;
+
+		// rectangles that get drawn to show where the skin color will be sampled
+		Rect skinColorSamplerRectangle1, skinColorSamplerRectangle2;
+
+		/*
+		* @brief calculates the skin tresholds for the given samples
+		* 
+		* @param sample1 the first sample
+		* @param sample2 the second sample
+		*/
+		void calculateThresholds(Mat sample1, Mat sample2);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief the opening. it generates the structuring element and performs the morphological transformations required to detect the hand.
+		 * This needs to be done to get the skin mask.
+		 * 
+		 * @param binaryImage the matrix to perform the opening on. This needs to be a binary image, so consisting of only 1's and 0's.
+		 * @param structuralElementShape the shape to use for the kernel that is used with generating the structuring element
+		 * @param structuralElementSize the size of the kernel that will be used with generating the structuring element.
+		 */
+		void performOpening(Mat binaryImage, int structuralElementShape, Point structuralElementSize);
+	};
+}

src/main.cpp

@@ -4,8 +4,13 @@
 #define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
 #include "stb_image.h"
 #include <ostream>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <Windows.h>
 
 #include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/video.hpp>
 
 #include "models/model.h"
 #include "renderEngine/loader.h"
@@ -14,6 +19,9 @@
 #include "shaders/static_shader.h"
 #include "toolbox/toolbox.h"
 
+#include "computervision/MenuTest.h"
+#include "computervision/ObjectDetection.h"
+
 #pragma comment(lib, "glfw3.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "glew32s.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "opengl32.lib")
@@ -21,75 +29,134 @@
 static double UpdateDelta();
 
 static GLFWwindow* window;
-
+int chosen_item = 0;
 
 int main(void)
 {
-	#pragma region OPENGL_SETTINGS
+#pragma region OPENGL_SETTINGS
-    if (!glfwInit())
+	if (!glfwInit())
-        throw "Could not inditialize glwf";
+		throw "Could not inditialize glwf";
-    window = glfwCreateWindow(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGT, "SDBA", NULL, NULL);
+	window = glfwCreateWindow(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGT, "SDBA", NULL, NULL);
-    if (!window)
+	if (!window)
-    {
+	{
-        glfwTerminate();
+		glfwTerminate();
-        throw "Could not initialize glwf";
+		throw "Could not initialize glwf";
-    }
+	}
-    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
+	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
-    glewInit();
+	glewInit();
-    glGetError();
+	glGetError();
-	#pragma endregion
+#pragma endregion
 
-    glfwSetKeyCallback(window, [](GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
+	glfwSetKeyCallback(window, [](GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
-    {
+		{
-	    if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE)
+			if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE)
-	        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
+				glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
-    });
+		});
-	
+
-	
+
-    models::RawModel raw_model = LoadObjModel("res/Tree.obj");
+	models::RawModel raw_model = LoadObjModel("res/Tree.obj");
-    models::ModelTexture texture = { render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/TreeTexture.png") };
+	models::ModelTexture texture = { render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/TreeTexture.png") };
-    models::TexturedModel model = { raw_model, texture };
+	models::TexturedModel model = { raw_model, texture };
-    entities::Entity entity(model, glm::vec3(0, -5, -20), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), 1);
+	entities::Entity entity(model, glm::vec3(0, -5, -20), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), 1);
-	
+
-    shaders::StaticShader shader;
+	shaders::StaticShader shader;
-    shader.Init();
+	shader.Init();
-    render_engine::renderer::Init(shader);
+	render_engine::renderer::Init(shader);
+
+	entities::Camera camera(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
+
+	// create object detection object instance
+	computervision::ObjectDetection objDetect;
+
+
+	// set up object detection
+	//objDetect.setup();
+	cv::Mat cameraFrame;
 
-    entities::Camera camera(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
-	
 	// Main game loop
 	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
 	{
-        // Update
+		// Update
-        const double delta = UpdateDelta();
+		const double delta = UpdateDelta();
-        entity.IncreaseRotation(glm::vec3(0, 1, 0));
+		entity.IncreaseRotation(glm::vec3(0, 1, 0));
-        camera.Move(window);
+		camera.Move(window);
 
 		// Render
-        render_engine::renderer::Prepare();
+		render_engine::renderer::Prepare();
-        shader.Start();
+		shader.Start();
-        shader.LoadViewMatrix(camera);
+		shader.LoadViewMatrix(camera);
+
+
+		render_engine::renderer::Render(entity, shader);
+
+		cameraFrame = objDetect.readCamera();
+
+		////////////////////////// KIMS SHIT ////////////////////////////////////
+		computervision::MenuTest menu_test;
+
+		//Get hand state from camera
+		bool hand_detection = objDetect.detectHand(cameraFrame);
 		
-        render_engine::renderer::Render(entity, shader);
+		if (hand_detection) 
+		{
+			std::cout << "hand is opened" << std::endl;
+			
+			//Loop through menu items
+			chosen_item = menu_test.GetMenuItem(true);
+
+			//For debug only, to see if chosen item is selected properly when hand is opened
+			std::cout << "chosen item: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+			
+		}
+		else if (!hand_detection) 
+		{
+			//for debug only, to see if the chosen item is selected properly when hand is closed
+			std::cout << "hand is closed" << std::endl;
+			//std::cout << "item to start: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+
+			//TODO link chosen item to the correct game states
+			switch (chosen_item)
+			{
+				case 1:
+					//Game state 0
+					std::cout << "in case: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+					break;
+				case 2:
+					//Game state 1
+					std::cout << "in case: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+					break;
+				case 3:
+					//Game state 2
+					std::cout << "in case: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+					break;
+				case 4:
+					//Game state 3
+					std::cout << "in case: " << chosen_item << std::endl;
+				default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		///////////////////////// END OF KIMS SHIT ///////////////////////////////
 
 		// Finish up
-        shader.Stop();
+		shader.Stop();
 		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
 		glfwPollEvents();
 	}
 
 	// Clean up
-    shader.CleanUp();
+	shader.CleanUp();
-    render_engine::loader::CleanUp();
+	render_engine::loader::CleanUp();
 	glfwTerminate();
-    return 0;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static double UpdateDelta()
 {
-    double current_time = glfwGetTime();
+	double current_time = glfwGetTime();
-    static double last_frame_time = current_time;
+	static double last_frame_time = current_time;
-    double delt_time = current_time - last_frame_time;
+	double delt_time = current_time - last_frame_time;
-    last_frame_time = current_time;
+	last_frame_time = current_time;
-    return delt_time;
+	return delt_time;
 }

src/renderEngine/Renderer.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace render_engine
 		void Init(shaders::StaticShader& shader)
 		{
 			const glm::mat4 projectionMatrix = 
-				glm::perspective(glm::radians(FOV), (WINDOW_WIDTH / WINDOW_HEIGT), NEAR_PLANE, FAR_PLANE);
+				glm::perspective(glm::radians(FOV), (float)(WINDOW_WIDTH / WINDOW_HEIGT), NEAR_PLANE, FAR_PLANE);
 			
 			shader.Start();
 			shader.LoadProjectionMatrix(projectionMatrix);

src/toolbox/toolbox.h

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
 namespace toolbox
 {
-	#define WINDOW_WIDTH 1400.0f
+	#define WINDOW_WIDTH 1400
-	#define WINDOW_HEIGT 800.0f
+	#define WINDOW_HEIGT 800
 	
 	glm::mat4 CreateModelMatrix(glm::vec3 translation, glm::vec3 rotation, float scale);
 

wk2_fps.vcxproj

@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@
     </ProjectConfiguration>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\MenuTest.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\entities\camera.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\entities\entity.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\main.cpp" />
@@ -30,6 +36,12 @@
     <ClCompile Include="src\toolbox\toolbox.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\MenuTest.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\camera.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\entity.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\models\model.h" />
@@ -41,6 +53,9 @@
     <ClInclude Include="src\stb_image.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\toolbox\toolbox.h" />
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Xml Include="res\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml" />
+  </ItemGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
     <VCProjectVersion>16.0</VCProjectVersion>
     <ProjectGuid>{A7ECF1BE-DB22-4BF7-BFF6-E3BF72691EE6}</ProjectGuid>

wk2_fps.vcxproj.filters

@@ -42,6 +42,24 @@
     <ClCompile Include="src\toolbox\toolbox.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\MenuTest.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\Camera.h">
@@ -74,5 +92,26 @@
     <ClInclude Include="src\toolbox\toolbox.h">
       <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\MenuTest.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Xml Include="res\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>