[COMMENTS] added some comments for all the scene files

the only thing i could not find was the on key method, the other params are empty(thus no comments)

src/collision/collision.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
+#include "../entities/entity.h"
+
+namespace collision
+{
+	/*
+	 * This structure represents a collision box inside the world.
+	 *
+	 * center_pos:	The center position of the collision box
+	 * size:		The size in each axis of the collision box
+	 */
+	struct Box
+	{
+		glm::vec3 center_pos;
+		glm::vec3 size;
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * This structure represents a collision between 2 entities
+	 *
+	 * entity1:		The first entity
+	 * entity2:		The second entity
+	 */
+	struct Collision
+	{
+		entities::Entity& entity1;
+		entities::Entity& entity2;
+	};
+}

src/collision/collision_handler.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include "collision_handler.h"
+
+namespace collision
+{
+	void CheckCollisions(std::vector<entities::CollisionEntity*>& entities)
+	{
+		if (entities.size() == 2)
+		{			
+			if (entities[0]->IsColliding(*entities[1]))
+			{
+				collision::Collision c = { *entities[0], *entities[1] };
+				entities[0]->OnCollide(c);
+				entities[1]->OnCollide(c);
+			}
+		}
+		
+		for (int i = 0; i < entities.size() - 2; i++)
+		{			
+		 	entities::CollisionEntity* entity = entities[i];
+		 	
+		 	for (int j = i + 1; i < entities.size() - 1; j++)
+		 	{
+		 		entities::CollisionEntity* entity2 = entities[j];
+		 		
+		 		if (entity == entity2)
+		 		{
+		 			continue;
+		 		}
+		 		
+		 		if (entity->IsColliding(*entity2))
+		 		{
+		 			collision::Collision c = { *entity, *entity2 };
+		 			entity->OnCollide(c);
+		 			entity2->OnCollide(c);
+		 			break;
+		 		}
+		 	}
+		}
+	}
+}

src/collision/collision_handler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+#include "../entities/collision_entity.h"
+#include "collision.h"
+
+namespace collision
+{
+	/*
+	 * @brief: This function will check all the collision entities for
+	 *         collisions and call the OnCollide function when a entity collides.
+	 *
+	 * @param entities: A list with all the collision entities.
+	 */
+	void CheckCollisions(std::vector<entities::CollisionEntity*>& entities);
+}

src/computervision/BackgroundRemover.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include "BackgroundRemover.h"
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+	BackgroundRemover::BackgroundRemover(void) {
+		background;
+		calibrated = false;
+	}
+
+	void BackgroundRemover::calibrate(Mat input) {
+		cvtColor(input, background, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		calibrated = true;
+	}
+
+	Mat BackgroundRemover::getForeground(Mat input) {
+		Mat foregroundMask = getForegroundMask(input);
+
+		//imshow("foregroundMask", foregroundMask);
+
+		Mat foreground;
+		input.copyTo(foreground, foregroundMask);
+
+		return foreground;
+	}
+
+	Mat BackgroundRemover::getForegroundMask(Mat input) {
+		Mat foregroundMask;
+
+		if (!calibrated) {
+			foregroundMask = Mat::zeros(input.size(), CV_8UC1);
+			return foregroundMask;
+		}
+
+		cvtColor(input, foregroundMask, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+
+		removeBackground(foregroundMask, background);
+
+		return foregroundMask;
+	}
+
+	void BackgroundRemover::removeBackground(Mat input, Mat background) {
+		int thresholdOffset = 25;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < input.rows; i++) {
+			for (int j = 0; j < input.cols; j++) {
+				uchar framePixel = input.at<uchar>(i, j);
+				uchar bgPixel = background.at<uchar>(i, j);
+
+				if (framePixel >= bgPixel - thresholdOffset && framePixel <= bgPixel + thresholdOffset)
+					input.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;
+				else
+					input.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

src/computervision/BackgroundRemover.h

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#pragma once
+#include"opencv2\opencv.hpp"
+#include <opencv2/imgproc\types_c.h>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+using namespace cv;
+using namespace std;
+
+	class BackgroundRemover {
+	public:
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief constructor, 
+		 * create background variable and set calibrated to faslse
+		 * 
+		 */
+		BackgroundRemover(void);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief sets the input image to a grayscale image
+		 * sets calibrated to true
+		 * 
+		 * @param input input the image that has to be calibrated
+		 */
+		void calibrate(Mat input);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Gets the mask of the foregorund of the input image
+		 * and copies it to another image
+		 * 
+		 * @param input The image from which the forground needs to be picked
+		 * @return The image on which te foregroundmask is copied
+		 */
+		Mat getForeground(Mat input);
+
+	private:
+		Mat background;
+		bool calibrated = false;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Sets the image to grayscale and removes the background
+		 * 
+		 * @param input The image from which the forground needs to be picked
+		 * @return The mask of the foreground of the image 
+		 */
+		Mat getForegroundMask(Mat input);
+		/**
+		 * @brief makes everything on the background black
+		 * 
+		 * @param input the image from which the background needs to be removed
+		 * @param background the background of the image
+		 */
+		void removeBackground(Mat input, Mat background);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/FaceDetector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include "FaceDetector.h"
+
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+namespace computervision
+{
+	Rect getFaceRect(Mat input);
+
+	String faceClassifierFileName = "res/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml";
+	CascadeClassifier faceCascadeClassifier;
+
+	FaceDetector::FaceDetector(void) {
+		if (!faceCascadeClassifier.load(faceClassifierFileName))
+			throw runtime_error("can't load file " + faceClassifierFileName);
+	}
+
+	void FaceDetector::removeFaces(Mat input, Mat output) {
+		vector<Rect> faces;
+		Mat frameGray;
+
+		cvtColor(input, frameGray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		equalizeHist(frameGray, frameGray);
+
+		faceCascadeClassifier.detectMultiScale(frameGray, faces, 1.1, 2, 0 | 2, Size(120, 120)); // HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE is 2
+
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < faces.size(); i++) {
+			rectangle(
+				output,
+				Point(faces[i].x, faces[i].y),
+				Point(faces[i].x + faces[i].width, faces[i].y + faces[i].height),
+				Scalar(0, 0, 0),
+				-1
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	Rect getFaceRect(Mat input) {
+		vector<Rect> faceRectangles;
+		Mat inputGray;
+
+		cvtColor(input, inputGray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
+		equalizeHist(inputGray, inputGray);
+
+		faceCascadeClassifier.detectMultiScale(inputGray, faceRectangles, 1.1, 2, 0 | 2, Size(120, 120)); // HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE is 2
+
+		if (faceRectangles.size() > 0)
+			return faceRectangles[0];
+		else
+			return Rect(0, 0, 1, 1);
+	}
+}

src/computervision/FaceDetector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+using namespace cv;
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	class FaceDetector {
+	public:
+		/**
+		 * @brief Constructor for the class FaceDetector, loads training data from a file
+		 * 
+		 */
+		FaceDetector(void);
+		/**
+		 * @brief Detects faces on an image and blocks them with a black rectangle
+		 * 
+		 * @param input Input image
+		 * @param output Output image
+		 */
+		void removeFaces(Mat input, Mat output);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/FingerCount.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+#include "FingerCount.h"
+
+#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
+#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
+
+/*
+ Author: Nicol<6F> Castellazzi https://github.com/nicast
+*/
+
+#define LIMIT_ANGLE_SUP 60
+#define LIMIT_ANGLE_INF 5
+#define BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING 0.3
+#define BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING 0.05
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	FingerCount::FingerCount(void) {
+		color_blue = Scalar(255, 0, 0);
+		color_green = Scalar(0, 255, 0);
+		color_red = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
+		color_black = Scalar(0, 0, 0);
+		color_white = Scalar(255, 255, 255);
+		color_yellow = Scalar(0, 255, 255);
+		color_purple = Scalar(255, 0, 255);
+	}
+
+	Mat FingerCount::findFingersCount(Mat input_image, Mat frame) {
+		Mat contours_image = Mat::zeros(input_image.size(), CV_8UC3);
+
+		// check if the source image is good
+		if (input_image.empty())
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// we work only on the 1 channel result, since this function is called inside a loop we are not sure that this is always the case
+		if (input_image.channels() != 1)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		vector<vector<Point>> contours;
+		vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
+
+		findContours(input_image, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);
+
+		// we need at least one contour to work
+		if (contours.size() <= 0)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// find the biggest contour (let's suppose it's our hand)
+		int biggest_contour_index = -1;
+		double biggest_area = 0.0;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
+			double area = contourArea(contours[i], false);
+			if (area > biggest_area) {
+				biggest_area = area;
+				biggest_contour_index = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (biggest_contour_index < 0)
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// find the convex hull object for each contour and the defects, two different data structure are needed by the OpenCV api
+		vector<Point> hull_points;
+		vector<int> hull_ints;
+
+		// for drawing the convex hull and for finding the bounding rectangle
+		convexHull(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_points, true);
+
+		// for finding the defects
+		convexHull(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_ints, false);
+
+		// we need at least 3 points to find the defects
+		vector<Vec4i> defects;
+		if (hull_ints.size() > 3)
+			convexityDefects(Mat(contours[biggest_contour_index]), hull_ints, defects);
+		else
+			return contours_image;
+
+		// we bound the convex hull
+		Rect bounding_rectangle = boundingRect(Mat(hull_points));
+
+		// we find the center of the bounding rectangle, this should approximately also be the center of the hand
+		Point center_bounding_rect(
+			(bounding_rectangle.tl().x + bounding_rectangle.br().x) / 2,
+			(bounding_rectangle.tl().y + bounding_rectangle.br().y) / 2
+		);
+
+		// we separate the defects keeping only the ones of intrest
+		vector<Point> start_points;
+		vector<Point> far_points;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < defects.size(); i++) {
+			start_points.push_back(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[0]]);
+
+			// filtering the far point based on the distance from the center of the bounding rectangle
+			if (findPointsDistance(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[2]], center_bounding_rect) < bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING)
+				far_points.push_back(contours[biggest_contour_index][defects[i].val[2]]);
+		}
+
+		// we compact them on their medians
+		vector<Point> filtered_start_points = compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(start_points, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING);
+		vector<Point> filtered_far_points = compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(far_points, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING);
+
+		// now we try to find the fingers
+		vector<Point> filtered_finger_points;
+
+		if (filtered_far_points.size() > 1) {
+			vector<Point> finger_points;
+
+			for (int i = 0; i < filtered_start_points.size(); i++) {
+				vector<Point> closest_points = findClosestOnX(filtered_far_points, filtered_start_points[i]);
+
+				if (isFinger(closest_points[0], filtered_start_points[i], closest_points[1], LIMIT_ANGLE_INF, LIMIT_ANGLE_SUP, center_bounding_rect, bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_FINGER_SIZE_SCALING))
+					finger_points.push_back(filtered_start_points[i]);
+			}
+
+			if (finger_points.size() > 0) {
+
+				// we have at most five fingers usually :)
+				while (finger_points.size() > 5)
+					finger_points.pop_back();
+
+				// filter out the points too close to each other
+				for (int i = 0; i < finger_points.size() - 1; i++) {
+					if (findPointsDistanceOnX(finger_points[i], finger_points[i + 1]) > bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING * 1.5)
+						filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[i]);
+				}
+
+				if (finger_points.size() > 2) {
+					if (findPointsDistanceOnX(finger_points[0], finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]) > bounding_rectangle.height * BOUNDING_RECT_NEIGHBOR_DISTANCE_SCALING * 1.5)
+						filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]);
+				}
+				else
+					filtered_finger_points.push_back(finger_points[finger_points.size() - 1]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		// we draw what found on the returned image 
+		drawContours(contours_image, contours, biggest_contour_index, color_green, 2, 8, hierarchy);
+		polylines(contours_image, hull_points, true, color_blue);
+		rectangle(contours_image, bounding_rectangle.tl(), bounding_rectangle.br(), color_red, 2, 8, 0);
+		circle(contours_image, center_bounding_rect, 5, color_purple, 2, 8);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_start_points, color_blue, true);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_far_points, color_red, true);
+		drawVectorPoints(contours_image, filtered_finger_points, color_yellow, false);
+		putText(contours_image, to_string(filtered_finger_points.size()), center_bounding_rect, FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color_purple);
+
+		// and on the starting frame
+		drawContours(frame, contours, biggest_contour_index, color_green, 2, 8, hierarchy);
+		circle(frame, center_bounding_rect, 5, color_purple, 2, 8);
+		drawVectorPoints(frame, filtered_finger_points, color_yellow, false);
+		putText(frame, to_string(filtered_finger_points.size()), center_bounding_rect, FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color_purple);
+
+		amount_of_fingers = filtered_finger_points.size();
+
+		return contours_image;
+	}
+
+	int FingerCount::getAmountOfFingers()
+	{
+		return amount_of_fingers;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findPointsDistance(Point a, Point b) {
+		Point difference = a - b;
+		return sqrt(difference.ddot(difference));
+	}
+
+	vector<Point> FingerCount::compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(vector<Point> points, double max_neighbor_distance) {
+		vector<Point> median_points;
+
+		if (points.size() == 0)
+			return median_points;
+
+		if (max_neighbor_distance <= 0)
+			return median_points;
+
+		// we start with the first point
+		Point reference = points[0];
+		Point median = points[0];
+
+		for (int i = 1; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			if (findPointsDistance(reference, points[i]) > max_neighbor_distance) {
+
+				// the point is not in range, we save the median
+				median_points.push_back(median);
+
+				// we swap the reference
+				reference = points[i];
+				median = points[i];
+			}
+			else
+				median = (points[i] + median) / 2;
+		}
+
+		// last median
+		median_points.push_back(median);
+
+		return median_points;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findAngle(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
+		double ab = findPointsDistance(a, b);
+		double bc = findPointsDistance(b, c);
+		double ac = findPointsDistance(a, c);
+		return acos((ab * ab + bc * bc - ac * ac) / (2 * ab * bc)) * 180 / CV_PI;
+	}
+
+	bool FingerCount::isFinger(Point a, Point b, Point c, double limit_angle_inf, double limit_angle_sup, Point palm_center, double min_distance_from_palm) {
+		double angle = findAngle(a, b, c);
+		if (angle > limit_angle_sup || angle < limit_angle_inf)
+			return false;
+
+		// the finger point sohould not be under the two far points
+		int delta_y_1 = b.y - a.y;
+		int delta_y_2 = b.y - c.y;
+		if (delta_y_1 > 0 && delta_y_2 > 0)
+			return false;
+
+		// the two far points should not be both under the center of the hand
+		int delta_y_3 = palm_center.y - a.y;
+		int delta_y_4 = palm_center.y - c.y;
+		if (delta_y_3 < 0 && delta_y_4 < 0)
+			return false;
+
+		double distance_from_palm = findPointsDistance(b, palm_center);
+		if (distance_from_palm < min_distance_from_palm)
+			return false;
+
+		// this should be the case when no fingers are up
+		double distance_from_palm_far_1 = findPointsDistance(a, palm_center);
+		double distance_from_palm_far_2 = findPointsDistance(c, palm_center);
+		if (distance_from_palm_far_1 < min_distance_from_palm / 4 || distance_from_palm_far_2 < min_distance_from_palm / 4)
+			return false;
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	vector<Point> FingerCount::findClosestOnX(vector<Point> points, Point pivot) {
+		vector<Point> to_return(2);
+
+		if (points.size() == 0)
+			return to_return;
+
+		double distance_x_1 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_1 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_x_2 = DBL_MAX;
+		double distance_2 = DBL_MAX;
+		int index_found = 0;
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			double distance_x = findPointsDistanceOnX(pivot, points[i]);
+			double distance = findPointsDistance(pivot, points[i]);
+
+			if (distance_x < distance_x_1 && distance_x != 0 && distance <= distance_1) {
+				distance_x_1 = distance_x;
+				distance_1 = distance;
+				index_found = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		to_return[0] = points[index_found];
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			double distance_x = findPointsDistanceOnX(pivot, points[i]);
+			double distance = findPointsDistance(pivot, points[i]);
+
+			if (distance_x < distance_x_2 && distance_x != 0 && distance <= distance_2 && distance_x != distance_x_1) {
+				distance_x_2 = distance_x;
+				distance_2 = distance;
+				index_found = i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		to_return[1] = points[index_found];
+
+		return to_return;
+	}
+
+	double FingerCount::findPointsDistanceOnX(Point a, Point b) {
+		double to_return = 0.0;
+
+		if (a.x > b.x)
+			to_return = a.x - b.x;
+		else
+			to_return = b.x - a.x;
+
+		return to_return;
+	}
+
+	void FingerCount::drawVectorPoints(Mat image, vector<Point> points, Scalar color, bool with_numbers) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
+			circle(image, points[i], 5, color, 2, 8);
+			if (with_numbers)
+				putText(image, to_string(i), points[i], FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3, color);
+		}
+	}
+}

src/computervision/FingerCount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+
+/*
+ Author: Nicol<6F> Castellazzi https://github.com/nicast
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	using namespace cv;
+	using namespace std;
+
+	class FingerCount {
+	public:
+		FingerCount(void);
+		/**
+		 * @brief gets the amount of fingers that are held up.
+		 * 
+		 * @param input_image the source image to find the fingers on. It should be a mask of a hand
+		 * @param frame the frame to draw the resulting values on (how many fingers are held up etc)
+		 * @return a new image with all the data drawn on it.
+		 */
+		Mat findFingersCount(Mat input_image, Mat frame);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief gets the currently held-up finger count.
+		 * 
+		 * @return the currently held-up finger count
+		 */
+		int getAmountOfFingers();
+
+	private:
+		// colors to use
+		Scalar color_blue;
+		Scalar color_green;
+		Scalar color_red;
+		Scalar color_black;
+		Scalar color_white;
+		Scalar color_yellow;
+		Scalar color_purple;
+
+		int amount_of_fingers;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the distance between 2 points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @return a double representing the distance
+		 */
+		double findPointsDistance(Point a, Point b);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief compacts the given points on their medians. 
+		 * what it does is for each point, it checks if the distance to it's neighbour is greater than the 
+		 * max distance. If so, it just adds it to the list that is returned. If not, it calculates the 
+		 * median and adds it to the returned list
+		 * 
+		 * @param points the points to compact
+		 * @param max_neighbor_distance the maximum distance between points
+		 * @return a vector with the points now compacted.
+		 */
+		vector<Point> compactOnNeighborhoodMedian(vector<Point> points, double max_neighbor_distance);
+		
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the angle between 3 different points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @param c the third point
+		 * @return the angle between the 3 points
+		 */
+		double findAngle(Point a, Point b, Point c);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief checks if the given points make up a finger.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point to check for
+		 * @param b the second point to check for
+		 * @param c the third point to check for
+		 * @param limit_angle_inf the limit of the angle between 2 fingers
+		 * @param limit_angle_sup the limit of the angle between a finger and a convex point
+		 * @param palm_center the center of the palm
+		 * @param distance_from_palm_tollerance the distance from the palm tolerance
+		 * @return true if the points are a finger, false if not.
+		 */
+		bool isFinger(Point a, Point b, Point c, double limit_angle_inf, double limit_angle_sup, cv::Point palm_center, double distance_from_palm_tollerance);
+		
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the closest point to the given point that is in the given list.
+		 * 
+		 * @param points the points to check for
+		 * @param pivot the pivot to check against
+		 * @return a vector containing the point that is closest
+		 */
+		vector<Point> findClosestOnX(vector<Point> points, Point pivot);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief finds the distance between the x coords of the points.
+		 * 
+		 * @param a the first point
+		 * @param b the second point
+		 * @return the distance between the x values
+		 */
+		double findPointsDistanceOnX(Point a, Point b);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief draws the points on the image.
+		 * 
+		 * @param image the image to draw on
+		 * @param points the points to draw
+		 * @param color the color to draw them with
+		 * @param with_numbers if the numbers should be drawn with the points
+		 */
+		void drawVectorPoints(Mat image, vector<Point> points, Scalar color, bool with_numbers);
+	};
+}

src/computervision/ObjectDetection.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/video.hpp>
+
+#include "ObjectDetection.h"
+#include "BackgroundRemover.h"
+#include "SkinDetector.h"
+#include "FaceDetector.h"
+#include "FingerCount.h"
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	cv::VideoCapture cap(0);
+
+	cv::Mat img, imgGray, img2, img2Gray, img3, img4;
+
+	int handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight;
+	bool handMaskGenerated = false;
+
+	Mat frame, frameOut, handMask, foreground, fingerCountDebug;
+	BackgroundRemover backgroundRemover;
+	SkinDetector skinDetector;
+	FaceDetector faceDetector;
+	FingerCount fingerCount;
+
+	ObjectDetection::ObjectDetection()
+	{
+	}
+
+	cv::Mat ObjectDetection::readCamera() {
+		cap.read(img);
+		return img;
+	}
+
+	bool ObjectDetection::detectHand(Mat cameraFrame)
+	{
+		Mat inputFrame = generateHandMaskSquare(cameraFrame);
+		frameOut = inputFrame.clone();
+
+		// detect skin color
+		skinDetector.drawSkinColorSampler(frameOut);
+
+		// remove background from image
+		foreground = backgroundRemover.getForeground(inputFrame);
+
+		// detect the hand contours
+		handMask = skinDetector.getSkinMask(foreground);
+
+		// count the amount of fingers and put the info on the matrix
+		fingerCountDebug = fingerCount.findFingersCount(handMask, frameOut);
+
+		// get the amount of fingers
+		int fingers_amount = fingerCount.getAmountOfFingers();
+
+		// draw the hand rectangle on the camera input, and draw text showing if the hand is open or closed.
+		drawHandMaskRect(&cameraFrame);
+		string hand_text = fingers_amount > 0 ? "open" : "closed";
+		putText(cameraFrame,hand_text, Point(10, 75), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 2.0, Scalar(255, 0, 255),3);
+		imshow("camera", cameraFrame);
+
+	/*	imshow("output", frameOut);
+		imshow("foreground", foreground);
+		imshow("handMask", handMask);
+		imshow("handDetection", fingerCountDebug);*/
+
+		int key = waitKey(1);
+
+		if (key == 98) // b, calibrate the background
+			backgroundRemover.calibrate(inputFrame);
+		else if (key == 115) // s, calibrate the skin color
+			skinDetector.calibrate(inputFrame);
+
+		return fingers_amount > 0;
+	}
+
+	void ObjectDetection::calculateDifference()
+	{
+		cap.read(img);
+		cap.read(img2);
+
+		cv::cvtColor(img, imgGray, cv::COLOR_RGBA2GRAY);
+		cv::cvtColor(img2, img2Gray, cv::COLOR_RGBA2GRAY);
+
+		cv::absdiff(imgGray, img2Gray, img3);
+		cv::threshold(img3, img4, 50, 170, cv::THRESH_BINARY);
+
+		imshow("threshold", img4);
+	}
+
+
+	cv::Mat ObjectDetection::generateHandMaskSquare(cv::Mat img)
+	{
+		handMaskStartXPos = 20;
+		handMaskStartYPos = img.rows / 5;
+		handMaskWidth = img.cols / 3;
+		handMaskHeight = img.cols / 3;
+
+
+		cv::Mat mask = cv::Mat::zeros(img.size(), img.type());
+		cv::Mat dstImg = cv::Mat::zeros(img.size(), img.type());
+
+		cv::rectangle(mask, Rect(handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight), Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);
+
+		img.copyTo(dstImg, mask);
+
+		handMaskGenerated = true;
+		return dstImg;
+
+	}
+
+	bool ObjectDetection::drawHandMaskRect(cv::Mat* input)
+	{
+		if (!handMaskGenerated) return false;
+		rectangle(*input, Rect(handMaskStartXPos, handMaskStartYPos, handMaskWidth, handMaskHeight), Scalar(255, 255, 255));
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	void ObjectDetection::showWebcam()
+	{
+		imshow("Webcam image", img);
+	}
+
+
+}

src/computervision/ObjectDetection.h

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/objdetect.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	class ObjectDetection
+	{
+	private:
+
+	public:
+		/**
+		 * @brief default constructor of ObjectDetection
+		 * 
+		 */
+		ObjectDetection();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief Displays an image of the current webcam-footage
+		 * 
+		 */
+		void showWebcam();
+		/**
+		 * @brief Calculates the difference between two images
+		 *  and outputs an image that only shows the difference
+		 * 
+		 */
+		void calculateDifference();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief generates the square that will hold the mask in which the hand will be detected.
+		 * 
+		 * @param img the current camear frame
+		 * @return a matrix containing the mask
+		 */
+		cv::Mat generateHandMaskSquare(cv::Mat img);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief reads the camera and returns it in a matrix.
+		 * 
+		 * @return the camera frame in a matrix
+		 */
+		cv::Mat readCamera();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief detects a hand based on the given hand mask input frame.
+		 * 
+		 * @param inputFrame the input frame from the camera
+		 * @return true if hand is open, false if hand is closed
+		 */
+		bool detectHand(cv::Mat cameraFrame);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief draws the hand mask rectangle on the given input matrix.
+		 * 
+		 * @param input the input matrix to draw the rectangle on
+		 */
+		bool drawHandMaskRect(cv::Mat *input);
+
+	};
+
+
+}
+

src/computervision/SkinDetector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#include "SkinDetector.h"
+
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	SkinDetector::SkinDetector(void) {
+		hLowThreshold = 0;
+		hHighThreshold = 0;
+		sLowThreshold = 0;
+		sHighThreshold = 0;
+		vLowThreshold = 0;
+		vHighThreshold = 0;
+
+		calibrated = false;
+
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle1, skinColorSamplerRectangle2;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::drawSkinColorSampler(Mat input) {
+		int frameWidth = input.size().width, frameHeight = input.size().height;
+
+		int rectangleSize = 25;
+		Scalar rectangleColor = Scalar(255, 0, 255);
+
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle1 = Rect(frameWidth / 5, frameHeight / 2, rectangleSize, rectangleSize);
+		skinColorSamplerRectangle2 = Rect(frameWidth / 5, frameHeight / 3, rectangleSize, rectangleSize);
+
+		rectangle(
+			input,
+			skinColorSamplerRectangle1,
+			rectangleColor
+		);
+
+		rectangle(
+			input,
+			skinColorSamplerRectangle2,
+			rectangleColor
+		);
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::calibrate(Mat input) {
+
+		Mat hsvInput;
+		cvtColor(input, hsvInput, CV_BGR2HSV);
+
+		Mat sample1 = Mat(hsvInput, skinColorSamplerRectangle1);
+		Mat sample2 = Mat(hsvInput, skinColorSamplerRectangle2);
+
+		calculateThresholds(sample1, sample2);
+
+		calibrated = true;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::calculateThresholds(Mat sample1, Mat sample2) {
+		int offsetLowThreshold = 80;
+		int offsetHighThreshold = 30;
+
+		Scalar hsvMeansSample1 = mean(sample1);
+		Scalar hsvMeansSample2 = mean(sample2);
+
+		hLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[0], hsvMeansSample2[0]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		hHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[0], hsvMeansSample2[0]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+
+		sLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[1], hsvMeansSample2[1]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		sHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[1], hsvMeansSample2[1]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+
+		// the V channel shouldn't be used. By ignorint it, shadows on the hand wouldn't interfire with segmentation.
+		// Unfortunately there's a bug somewhere and not using the V channel causes some problem. This shouldn't be too hard to fix.
+		vLowThreshold = min(hsvMeansSample1[2], hsvMeansSample2[2]) - offsetLowThreshold;
+		vHighThreshold = max(hsvMeansSample1[2], hsvMeansSample2[2]) + offsetHighThreshold;
+		//vLowThreshold = 0;
+		//vHighThreshold = 255;
+	}
+
+	Mat SkinDetector::getSkinMask(Mat input) {
+		Mat skinMask;
+
+		if (!calibrated) {
+			skinMask = Mat::zeros(input.size(), CV_8UC1);
+			return skinMask;
+		}
+
+		Mat hsvInput;
+		cvtColor(input, hsvInput, CV_BGR2HSV);
+
+		inRange(
+			hsvInput,
+			Scalar(hLowThreshold, sLowThreshold, vLowThreshold),
+			Scalar(hHighThreshold, sHighThreshold, vHighThreshold),
+			skinMask);
+
+		performOpening(skinMask, MORPH_ELLIPSE, { 3, 3 });
+		dilate(skinMask, skinMask, Mat(), Point(-1, -1), 3);
+
+		return skinMask;
+	}
+
+	void SkinDetector::performOpening(Mat binaryImage, int kernelShape, Point kernelSize) {
+		Mat structuringElement = getStructuringElement(kernelShape, kernelSize);
+		morphologyEx(binaryImage, binaryImage, MORPH_OPEN, structuringElement);
+	}
+}

src/computervision/SkinDetector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <opencv2\core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
+/*
+ Author: Pierfrancesco Soffritti https://github.com/PierfrancescoSoffritti
+*/
+
+namespace computervision
+{
+	using namespace cv;
+	using namespace std;
+
+	class SkinDetector {
+	public:
+		SkinDetector(void);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief draws the positions in where the skin color will be sampled.
+		* 
+		* @param input the input matrix to sample the skin color from
+		*/
+		void drawSkinColorSampler(Mat input);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief calibrates the skin color detector with the given input frame
+		* 
+		* @param input the input frame to calibrate from
+		*/
+		void calibrate(Mat input);
+
+		/*
+		* @brief gets the mask for the hand
+		* 
+		* @param input the input matrix to get the skin mask from
+		* @returns the skin mask in a new matrix
+		*/
+		Mat getSkinMask(Mat input);
+
+	private:
+
+		// thresholds for hsv calculation
+		int hLowThreshold = 0;
+		int hHighThreshold = 0;
+		int sLowThreshold = 0;
+		int sHighThreshold = 0;
+		int vLowThreshold = 0;
+		int vHighThreshold = 0;
+
+		// wether or not the skindetector has calibrated yet.
+		bool calibrated = false;
+
+		// rectangles that get drawn to show where the skin color will be sampled
+		Rect skinColorSamplerRectangle1, skinColorSamplerRectangle2;
+
+		/*
+		* @brief calculates the skin tresholds for the given samples
+		* 
+		* @param sample1 the first sample
+		* @param sample2 the second sample
+		*/
+		void calculateThresholds(Mat sample1, Mat sample2);
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief the opening. it generates the structuring element and performs the morphological transformations required to detect the hand.
+		 * This needs to be done to get the skin mask.
+		 * 
+		 * @param binaryImage the matrix to perform the opening on. This needs to be a binary image, so consisting of only 1's and 0's.
+		 * @param structuralElementShape the shape to use for the kernel that is used with generating the structuring element
+		 * @param structuralElementSize the size of the kernel that will be used with generating the structuring element.
+		 */
+		void performOpening(Mat binaryImage, int structuralElementShape, Point structuralElementSize);
+	};
+}

src/entities/Entity.h

@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ namespace entities
 	
 	class Entity
 	{
-	private:
+	protected:
 		models::TexturedModel model;
+		
 		glm::vec3 position;
 		glm::vec3 rotation;
 		float scale;

src/entities/collision_entity.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#include "collision_entity.h"
+
+namespace entities
+{
+	CollisionEntity::CollisionEntity(const models::TexturedModel& model, const glm::vec3& position,
+		const glm::vec3& rotation, float scale, const collision::Box& bounding_box)
+		: Entity(model, position, rotation, scale),
+		bounding_box(bounding_box)
+	{
+		MoveCollisionBox();
+	}
+
+	void CollisionEntity::OnCollide(const collision::Collision& collision)
+	{
+		if (on_collide != nullptr)
+		{
+			on_collide(collision);
+		}
+	}
+
+	bool CollisionEntity::IsColliding(const glm::vec3& point) const
+	{
+		return (point.x >= min_xyz.x && point.x <= max_xyz.x) &&
+			(point.y >= min_xyz.y && point.y <= max_xyz.y) &&
+			(point.z >= min_xyz.z && point.z <= max_xyz.z);
+	}
+
+	bool CollisionEntity::IsColliding(const CollisionEntity& e) const
+	{
+		return (min_xyz.x <= e.max_xyz.x && max_xyz.x >= e.min_xyz.x) &&
+			(min_xyz.y <= e.max_xyz.y && max_xyz.y >= e.min_xyz.y) &&
+			(min_xyz.z <= e.max_xyz.z && max_xyz.z >= e.min_xyz.z);
+	}
+
+	void CollisionEntity::MoveCollisionBox()
+	{
+		bounding_box.center_pos = position;
+		
+		const glm::vec3 size = bounding_box.size;
+
+		min_xyz = bounding_box.center_pos;
+		max_xyz = glm::vec3(min_xyz.x + size.x, min_xyz.y + size.y, min_xyz.z + size.z);
+	}
+}

src/entities/collision_entity.h

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "entity.h"
+#include "../collision/collision.h"
+
+namespace entities
+{
+	/*
+	 * This class is an entity with a collision box
+	 */
+	class CollisionEntity : public Entity
+	{
+	public:
+		collision::Box bounding_box;
+
+		glm::vec3 min_xyz;
+		glm::vec3 max_xyz;
+
+		void (*on_collide)(const collision::Collision& collision);
+
+	public:
+		CollisionEntity(const models::TexturedModel& model, const glm::vec3& position, const glm::vec3& rotation,
+			float scale, const collision::Box& bounding_box);
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: A function to do some sort of behaviour when the entity collides
+		 *
+		 * @param collision: The collision
+		 */
+		virtual void OnCollide(const collision::Collision& collision);
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: A function to check if the entity is colliding with a point in 3D space
+		 *
+		 * @param point: The point to check if its colliding with the entity
+		 *
+		 * @return: True is the entity is colliding, false if not
+		 */
+		bool IsColliding(const glm::vec3& point) const;
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: A function to check if the entity is colliding with another entity
+		 *
+		 * @param e: The other entity to check if its colliding with this
+		 *
+		 * @return: True is the entity is colliding, false if not
+		 */
+		bool IsColliding(const CollisionEntity& e) const;
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: A function to set the collision behaviour of the entity
+		 *
+		 * @param function: A function pointer to a function with the collision behaviour
+		 */
+		void SetCollisionBehaviour(void (*function)(const collision::Collision& collision))
+		{ if (function != nullptr) { on_collide = function; } }
+
+	protected:
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: This method moves the collision to the center of the entity
+		 */
+		void MoveCollisionBox();
+	};
+}

src/main.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include <ostream>
 
 #include <opencv2/core.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/video.hpp>
 
 #include "gui/gui_interactable.h"
 #include "models/model.h"
@@ -21,6 +23,8 @@
 #include "scenes/in_Game_Scene.h"
 #include "scenes/startup_Scene.h"
 
+#include "computervision/ObjectDetection.h"
+
 #pragma comment(lib, "glfw3.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "glew32s.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "opengl32.lib")
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ scene::Scene* current_scene;
 
 int main(void)
 {
-	#pragma region OPENGL_SETTINGS
+#pragma region OPENGL_SETTINGS
 	if (!glfwInit())
 		throw "Could not inditialize glwf";
 	window = glfwCreateWindow(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGT, "SDBA", NULL, NULL);
@@ -44,19 +48,19 @@ int main(void)
 	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
 	glewInit();
 	glGetError();
-	#pragma endregion
+#pragma endregion
 
     
     current_scene = new scene::Startup_Scene();
 
-
-	
-
     glfwSetKeyCallback(window, [](GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
         {
-            current_scene->onKey(window, key, scancode, action, mods);
             if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE)
+            {
                 glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
+            }
+    	
+            current_scene->onKey(window, key, scancode, action, mods);
         });
     
     bool window_open = true;
@@ -90,7 +94,6 @@ int main(void)
 
 	// Clean up -> preventing memory leaks!!!
     std::cout << "ending..." << std::endl;
-    delete current_scene;
 	glfwTerminate();
 	return 0;
 }

src/scenes/in_Game_Scene.cpp

@@ -14,18 +14,13 @@
 
 namespace scene
 {
-	std::vector<entities::Entity> entities;
-	std::vector<entities::Light> lights;
-	models::RawModel raw_model;
-	models::ModelTexture texture;
-	shaders::EntityShader *shader;
-	shaders::GuiShader *gui_shader;
-	entities::Camera camera(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
-	std::vector<gui::GuiTexture*> guis;
-
-	
+	/**
+	 * sets up the first things when the objects has been made
+	 */
 	In_Game_Scene::In_Game_Scene()
 	{
+		camera = new entities::Camera(glm::vec3(0, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, 0));
+
 		shader = new shaders::EntityShader;
 		shader->Init();	
 		render_engine::renderer::Init(*shader);
@@ -33,7 +28,19 @@ namespace scene
 		gui_shader = new shaders::GuiShader();
 		gui_shader->Init();
 	}
+	/**
+	 * deletes certain veriables when the object will be deleted, prevents memory leaks
+	 */
+	In_Game_Scene::~In_Game_Scene()
+	{
+		delete camera;
+		delete shader;
+		delete gui_shader;
+	}
 
+	/**
+	 * starts the game scene, calls the render and update methods in a while loop
+	 */
 	scene::Scenes scene::In_Game_Scene::start(GLFWwindow* window)
 	{
 		raw_model = render_engine::LoadObjModel("res/House.obj");
@@ -45,7 +52,7 @@ namespace scene
 		int z = 0;
 		for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
 		{
-			entities.push_back(entities::Entity(model, glm::vec3(0, -50, -50 - z), glm::vec3(0, 90, 0), 20));
+			entities_to_render.push_back(entities::Entity(model, glm::vec3(0, -50, -50 - z), glm::vec3(0, 90, 0), 20));
 			z += (raw_model.model_size.x * 20);
 		}
 
@@ -54,7 +61,7 @@ namespace scene
 		lights.push_back(entities::Light(glm::vec3(0, 0, -200), glm::vec3(0, 2, 0), glm::vec3(0.0001f, 0.0001f, 0.0001f)));
 
 		// GUI stuff
-		gui::Button button(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"), glm::vec2(0.5f, 0.0f), glm::vec2(0.25f, 0.25f));
+		gui::Button button(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"), glm::vec2(0.5f, 0.0f), glm::vec2(1, 1));
 		button.SetHoverTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Texture.png"));
 		button.SetClickedTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"));
 		button.SetOnClickAction([]()
@@ -64,11 +71,54 @@ namespace scene
 		guis.push_back(&button);
 	
 
+		//guis for the pause menu 
+		gui::GuiTexture background(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/background_grey.png"), glm::vec2(0, 0), glm::vec2(1, 1));
+		pause_guis.push_back(&background);
+
+		gui::Button pause_button_resume(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"), glm::vec2(0, 0), glm::vec2(0.25f, 0.25f));
+		pause_button_resume.SetHoverTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Texture.png"));
+		pause_button_resume.SetClickedTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"));
+		pause_button_resume.SetOnClickAction([]()
+			{
+				std::cout << "I got clicked on the resume button!" << std::endl;
+			});
+		pause_guis.push_back(&pause_button_resume);
+
+		gui::Button pause_button_quit(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"), glm::vec2(0.3f, 0.0f), glm::vec2(0.25f, 0.25f));
+		pause_button_quit.SetHoverTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Texture.png"));
+		pause_button_quit.SetClickedTexture(render_engine::loader::LoadTexture("res/Mayo.png"));
+		pause_button_quit.SetOnClickAction([]()
+			{
+				std::cout << "I got clicked on the quit button!" << std::endl;
+			});
+		pause_guis.push_back(&pause_button_quit);
+
+
+		//the scene loop, this while loop represent the scene
 		while (return_value == scene::Scenes::INGAME)
 		{
+			//checks the current game state, so it can render the correct models for each state
+			switch (game_state) 
+			{
+			/*case scene::Game_State::IDLE:
+				break;*/
+
+			case scene::Game_State::PAUSED:
+				render();
+				render_pause_menu();
+				break;
+
+			case scene::Game_State::RUNNING:
 				update(window);
 				button.Update(window);
 				render();
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				std::cout << "Game state unknown" << std::endl;
+				break;
+			}
+			
 
 			glfwSwapBuffers(window);
 			glfwPollEvents();
@@ -79,40 +129,58 @@ namespace scene
 		return return_value;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * renders the game models
+	 */
 	void scene::In_Game_Scene::render()
 	{
 		// Render
 		render_engine::renderer::Prepare();
-
+		//starts the shader and begins to render
 		shader->Start();
 		shader->LoadSkyColor(render_engine::renderer::SKY_COLOR);
 		shader->LoadLights(lights);
-		shader->LoadViewMatrix(camera);
+		shader->LoadViewMatrix(*camera);
 
 		// Renders each entity in the entities list
-		for (entities::Entity& entity : entities)
+		for (entities::Entity& entity : entities_to_render)
 		{
 			render_engine::renderer::Render(entity, *shader);
 		}
 
 		// Render GUI items
-		render_engine::renderer::Render(guis, *gui_shader);
+		//render_engine::renderer::Render(guis, *gui_shader);
 
 		// Stop rendering the entities
 		shader->Stop();
 	}
 
+	//updates certain variables 
 	void scene::In_Game_Scene::update(GLFWwindow* window)
 	{
-		camera.Move(window);
+		camera->Move(window);
 	}
 
+	//renders the models for the pause menu
+	void In_Game_Scene::render_pause_menu()
+	{
+		render_engine::renderer::Render(pause_guis, *gui_shader);
+	}
+
+	//manages the key input in the game scene
 	void scene::In_Game_Scene::onKey(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
 	{
 		if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_SPACE) == GLFW_PRESS)
 		{
 			return_value = scene::Scenes::STOP;
 		}
+		if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_P) == GLFW_PRESS)
+		{
+			game_state = scene::Game_State::PAUSED;
+		}
+		if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_O) == GLFW_PRESS)
+		{
+			game_state = scene::Game_State::RUNNING;
+		}
 	}
-
 }

src/scenes/in_Game_Scene.h

@@ -1,20 +1,100 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <iostream>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <vector>
 #include "scene.h"
+#include "../gui/gui_interactable.h"
+#include "../models/model.h"
+#include "../renderEngine/loader.h"
+#include "../renderEngine/obj_loader.h"
+#include "../renderEngine/renderer.h"
+#include "../shaders/entity_shader.h"
+#include "../toolbox/toolbox.h"
+
 
 namespace scene
 {
+	/**
+	* This enum is for managing the game scene state.  
+	* for example: when pressed on a specific button, the game will be in a paused state and nothing about the player or the speed of the game will be updated
+	* and the pause screen will show up.
+	**/
+	enum class Game_State
+	{
+		//IDLE,
+		RUNNING,
+		PAUSED
+	};
+
 
 	class In_Game_Scene : public scene::Scene
 	{
 	private:
+		//return_value is an enum that is necessary for the scene switching. Whenever this changes, the scene will change to a different scene.
 		scene::Scenes return_value = scene::Scenes::INGAME;
+		//game_state is an enum that keeps track of the current game state. For example: is the game running(thus the user is playing the game) of is the game paused.
+		scene::Game_State game_state = scene::Game_State::RUNNING;
+
+		//entities_to_render is a list of entities, those entities will be rendered in the 3D environment.
+		std::vector<entities::Entity> entities_to_render;
+		//lights is a lost of light points in the game, for example the sun or it can be used to attach light effects to lamps.
+		std::vector<entities::Light> lights;
+		
+		models::RawModel raw_model;
+		models::ModelTexture texture;
+		//the shader that is used for rendering the models.
+		shaders::EntityShader* shader;
+		//the gui_shader is used of rendering the gui models (for example the pause buttons).
+		shaders::GuiShader* gui_shader;
+		//camera is the camera view of the game scene, this camera will be behind the main character.
+		entities::Camera *camera;
+		//guis is a list of all the gui components that needs to be load in the scene.
+		std::vector<gui::GuiTexture*> guis;
+		//pause_guis is a list of components that will be rendered when the game is paused.
+		std::vector<gui::GuiTexture*> pause_guis;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief renders the objects/gui models
+		 * @param 
+		 * @return void
+		 */
+		void render_pause_menu();
+
 	
 	public:
 		In_Game_Scene();
+		~In_Game_Scene();
 
+		/**
+		 * @brief the method start is the start of the scene where a while loop runs, this runs the scene.
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return Scene value that indicates in which scene the application is
+		 */
 		Scenes start(GLFWwindow* window) override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method renders the models for the game scene
+		 * @param 
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void render() override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for the game scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void update(GLFWwindow* window) override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for the game scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @param key this is the keycode on which key has been pressed 
+		 * @param scancode -
+		 * @param action-
+		 * @param mods -
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void onKey(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) override;
 	};
 }

src/scenes/scene.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+#include <iostream>
 #include "scene.h"
 
-namespace scene
+scene::Scene::~Scene()
 {
-
+	std::cout << "Main scene class gone!" << std::endl;
 }
-

src/scenes/scene.h

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 
 namespace scene {
 
+	/**
+	 * this enum represents the scenes in the game, those wil help to keep track in which scene the game is.
+	 */
 	enum class Scenes
 	{
 		STARTUP,
@@ -18,14 +21,40 @@ namespace scene {
 	class Scene
 	{
 	public:
+		virtual ~Scene() = 0;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief the method start is the start of a scene where a while loop runs, this runs the scene.
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return Scene value that indicates in which scene the application is
+		 */
 		virtual Scenes start(GLFWwindow* window) = 0;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method renders the models for a scene
+		 * @param
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		virtual void render() = 0;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for a scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		virtual void update(GLFWwindow* window) = 0;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for a scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @param key this is the keycode on which key has been pressed
+		 * @param scancode -
+		 * @param action-
+		 * @param mods -
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		virtual void onKey(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) {};
-
 	};
-
-	
 }
 
 

src/scenes/startup_Scene.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <iostream>
 #include <GL/glew.h>
 #include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
 #include <map>
@@ -5,7 +6,17 @@
 
 namespace scene
 {
+	/**
+	 * deletes certain variables to prevent memory leaks
+	 */
+	Startup_Scene::~Startup_Scene()
+	{
+		std::cout << "startup scene gone!" << std::endl;
+	}
 
+	/**
+	 * starts the start-up scene, calls the render and update methods in a while loop
+	 */
 	scene::Scenes scene::Startup_Scene::start(GLFWwindow *window)
 	{
 		while (return_value == scene::Scenes::STARTUP)
@@ -20,16 +31,25 @@ namespace scene
 		return return_value;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * renders the models in the start-up scene
+	 */
 	void scene::Startup_Scene::render() 
 	{
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * updates the variables for the start-up scene
+	 */
 	void scene::Startup_Scene::update(GLFWwindow* window)
 	{
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * manages the key input in the start-up scene
+	 */
 	void scene::Startup_Scene::onKey(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
 	{
 		if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_SPACE) == GLFW_PRESS)

src/scenes/startup_Scene.h

@@ -9,12 +9,42 @@ namespace scene
 	class Startup_Scene : public scene::Scene
 	{
 	private:
+		//return_value is an enum that is necessary for the scene switching. Whenever this changes, the scene will change to a different scene.
 		scene::Scenes return_value = scene::Scenes::STARTUP;
 
 	public:
+		~Startup_Scene();
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief the method start is the start of the start-up scene where a while loop runs, this runs the scene.
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return Scene value that indicates in which scene the application is
+		 */
 		Scenes start(GLFWwindow* window) override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method renders the models for the start-up scene
+		 * @param
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void render() override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for the start-up scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void update(GLFWwindow* window) override;
+
+		/**
+		 * @brief this method updates the models/variables for the start-up scene
+		 * @param window the main window of the application
+		 * @param key this is the keycode on which key has been pressed
+		 * @param scancode -
+		 * @param action-
+		 * @param mods -
+		 * @return void
+		 */
 		void onKey(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) override;
 	};
 }

src/toolbox/Timer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace toolbox
+{
+	/*
+	 * This class represents a timer which needs to be updated
+	 * every frame to work correctly.
+	 */
+	class Timer
+	{
+	private:
+		float current_time;
+		float final_time;
+		bool has_finished;
+
+	public:
+		/*
+		 * @brief: Constructor to make the timer
+		 *
+		 * @param final_time: The time which the timer needs to count to
+		 */
+		Timer(float final_time): current_time(0), final_time(final_time), has_finished(false) {}
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: Updates the timer. Call this method once every iteration in the game loop
+		 *
+		 * @param delta: The deltatime of the game
+		 */
+		void UpdateTimer(const double delta)
+		{
+			current_time += delta;
+			
+			if (current_time >= final_time)
+			{
+				has_finished = true;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * @brief: Returns if the timer has finished
+		 *
+		 * @return: True if the timer has finished 
+		 */
+		bool HasFinished() const { return has_finished; }
+	};
+}

wk2_fps.vcxproj

@@ -19,15 +19,22 @@
     </ProjectConfiguration>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\collision\collision_handler.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\in_Game_Scene.cpp" />
-    <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\scene.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\entities\camera.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\entities\collision_entity.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\entities\entity.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\gui\gui_interactable.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\main.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\renderEngine\loader.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\renderEngine\obj_loader.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\renderEngine\renderer.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\scene.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\shaders\gui_shader.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\shaders\shader_program.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="src\shaders\entity_shader.cpp" />
@@ -35,9 +42,17 @@
     <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\startup_Scene.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\collision\collision.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\collision\collision_handler.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\scenes\in_Game_Scene.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\scenes\scene.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\camera.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\entities\collision_entity.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\entity.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\light.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\gui\gui_element.h" />
@@ -50,9 +65,13 @@
     <ClInclude Include="src\shaders\shader_program.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\shaders\entity_shader.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\stb_image.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="src\toolbox\Timer.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\toolbox\toolbox.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="src\scenes\startup_Scene.h" />
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Xml Include="res\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml" />
+  </ItemGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
     <VCProjectVersion>16.0</VCProjectVersion>
     <ProjectGuid>{A7ECF1BE-DB22-4BF7-BFF6-E3BF72691EE6}</ProjectGuid>
@@ -111,16 +130,16 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
     <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
-    <IncludePath>C:\opencv\build\include;$(IncludePath);C:\opencv\opencv\build\include</IncludePath>
-    <LibraryPath>C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib;$(LibraryPath);C:\opencv\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib</LibraryPath>
+    <IncludePath>C:\opencv\build\include;$(IncludePath);C:\opencv\opencv\build\include;C:\opencv\build\include</IncludePath>
+    <LibraryPath>C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib;$(LibraryPath);C:\opencv\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib;C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib</LibraryPath>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
     <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
     <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
-    <IncludePath>$(VC_IncludePath);$(WindowsSDK_IncludePath);;C:\opencv\opencv\build\include</IncludePath>
-    <LibraryPath>$(VC_LibraryPath_x64);$(WindowsSDK_LibraryPath_x64);C:\opencv\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib</LibraryPath>
+    <IncludePath>$(VC_IncludePath);$(WindowsSDK_IncludePath);;C:\opencv\opencv\build\include;C:\opencv\build\include</IncludePath>
+    <LibraryPath>$(VC_LibraryPath_x64);$(WindowsSDK_LibraryPath_x64);C:\opencv\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib;C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib</LibraryPath>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
     <ClCompile>
@@ -152,7 +171,7 @@
       <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
       <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
       <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(SolutionDir)lib\glfw-3.3.2\$(Platform);$(SolutionDir)lib\glew-2.1.0\lib\Release\$(Platform);%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
-      <AdditionalDependencies>opencv_world452d.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies); opencv_world452.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
+      <AdditionalDependencies>opencv_world452d.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies); opencv_world452.lib;opencv_world452d.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
     </Link>
   </ItemDefinitionGroup>
   <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
@@ -193,7 +212,7 @@
       <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
       <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
       <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(SolutionDir)lib\glfw-3.3.2\$(Platform);$(SolutionDir)lib\glew-2.1.0\lib\Release\$(Platform);%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
-      <AdditionalDependencies>kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies); opencv_world452.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
+      <AdditionalDependencies>kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies); opencv_world452.lib;opencv_world452d.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
     </Link>
   </ItemDefinitionGroup>
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />

wk2_fps.vcxproj.filters

@@ -48,15 +48,36 @@
     <ClCompile Include="src\gui\gui_interactable.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
-    <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\scene.cpp">
-      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
-    </ClCompile>
     <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\in_Game_Scene.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
     <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\startup_Scene.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\entities\collision_entity.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\collision\collision_handler.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="src\scenes\scene.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="src\entities\Camera.h">
@@ -110,5 +131,35 @@
     <ClInclude Include="src\scenes\startup_Scene.h">
       <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\entities\collision_entity.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\collision\collision.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\collision\collision_handler.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\ObjectDetection.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\SkinDetector.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FingerCount.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\FaceDetector.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\computervision\BackgroundRemover.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="src\toolbox\Timer.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Xml Include="res\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>